There doesn’t seem to be any kind of hint as to why it crashes, there is no corrupted database file visisble at any point. I’ve not yet attached logcat and don’t know if there’s an issue due to the major Android version skip.
Okay, the donor device still had a 3.10 version, after upgrading it to 3.11, the export seems to be fine and working; at least it doesn’t fail the same way as described.
I’m not sure what changed, but if it’s a missing database migration, the app should probably try to store the database version in the DB so it’s clear migrations are necessary.
If the database clears after the first refresh, it means that the database was already broken before but it happened to not surface on your old device. You can try running your database export through this script to fix it: https://github.com/ByteHamster/AntennaPodDbFixer